Egyptian mythology is the collection of myths from ancient Egypt which describe the actions of gods and goddesses as a way to understand the world around them. The ancient Egyptians believed that life, nature, and society were determined by the gods and goddesses, and when they left the Earth, pharaohs inherited the right to rule.
Have students illustrate each Egyptian god and goddess and describe their domain, powers, and symbols!
Storyboard Text
Amun
Mut
Osiris
Anubis
As Zeus was to the Greeks, Amun, or Amun-Ra, was known as the King of the Gods and Goddesses, and The Hidden One. He became Amun-Ra after being united with Ra, the sun god, and is also known as the father or the pharaohs. He is depicted with two plumes on his head, an ankh, and a was-scepter.
Ra
Mut means "mother" in Egyptian, and she is known as The Mother Goddess. She is often depicted with a double crown, a royal vulture headdress, and an ankh.
Horus
Osiris is the god of the dead and the underworld, resurrection, and civil laws. He is often depicted with green skin, a pharaoh's beard, and the crook and flail of a pharaoh.
Thoth
Anubis is the god of death, mummification, and the protector of tombs. He is depicted with a jackal head, jet-black skin, a flail, and sometimes the Imiut fetish.
Hathor
Ra is the sun god and the king of the gods. He is depicted with a sun disk on his head with a serpent wrapped around it, and he most commonly depicted as a hawk.
Horus is the god of the hunt, the sky, and war. He is also the protector of the pharaohs. He is most often represented with a falcon's head, Horus' eye, and a red and white crown.
Thoth is the god of many different areas: wisdom, the moon, the arts, writing, math, science, and arbitration. He is also to be the official scribe of the gods. He is often depicted with an ibis head, a moon disk, and a scroll.
Hathor is the goddess of joy, love, celebration, and beauty. She was also credited as being the protector of the miners, so turquoise is frequently associated with her. She is typically depicted with a cow head or with a sun disk with horns and holding a sistrum.
Sekhmet
Geb
Nut
Isis
Sekhmet is the goddess of war, battle, and fire. She is depicted with the head of a lion and in a red dress; her head usually incorporated a sun disk with a serpent, and sometimes she is holding a was-scepter.
Ma'at
Geb is the god of the earth, and the twin brother of Nut, the goddess of the sky. He is often depicted with green skin, a goose or a snake on his head, and sheaves of barley to represent the fertility of the earth.
Nephthys
Nut is the goddess of the sky, whom the Egyptians believed swallowed Ra, the sun god, every evening and gave birth to him again each morning. She is depicted with a water pot on her head to signify fertility, and a dress of stars to represent the heavens.
Set
Isis is the goddess of fertility, magic, and health. She is known as the Queen of the Gods, and the Mother of Pharaohs. She is depicted in several ways, but commonly wears a vulture headdress or a crown with horns and a sun disk, and kite feathers.
Sobek
Ma'at is the goddess of truth, justice, ethics, balance, and harmony. She is always depicted with an ostrich feather, either on her head or in her hands, and she sometimes also has wings and a scepter to highlight her divinity and power.
Nephthys is the goddess of death, darkness, and the protector of souls. She is depicted with crown hieroglyph representing a house, usually with a basket, and sometimes she is represented by the hawk.
Set is the god of war, evil, chaos, storms, desert, and drought. He is depicted as the Set animal: he has a curved snout, long and boxy ears, a forked tail, and a canine body. He is often carrying a was-scepter and a sickle.
Sobek is the crocodile god of the Nile River, the patron god of the military, and the protector of pharaohs. He is typically depicted with a crocodile head and a human body, an ankh, and a Hemhem crown with a uraeus, feathers, and a sun disc.
Bastet
Anuket
Ammut
The Book of the Dead
The Book of the Dead
Bastet is the goddess of pregnancy, the protector of young pharaohs, and the goddess of cats. She is depicted with a cat's head, and she is usually holding a sistrum.
Anuket is the goddess of the Nile River, and is associated with the yearly flooding which "embraced" the fields and gave life to the crops. She is often depicted with a gazelle, an ankh, and the headdress of ostrich feathers or reeds.
Ammut is a creature that is part crocodile, lion or leopard, and hippopotamus. She is known as the Devourer of the Dead because she devours the souls and hearts of those who are found unworthy on Ma'at's scales of justice.
The Book of the Dead is a compilation of almost 200 spells that are supposed to help the soul traverse the perils of the underworld and bring the to divinity in paradise with the gods.